Interpretation of urine drug test results
The taking of samples should be done systematically and according to the protocols defined in the plan of prevention, while respecting the legal and labor regulations applicable to each case. Upon arriving at the interpretation of results is where you need trained clinical staff. Although the results can be numerical (quantitative) or just qualifications (qualitative) as positive or negative, each case is different and the incorporation of other data in the history of the examinee are useful for defining critical interpretations that sometimes can be very difficult.
The management of these interpretations by non-qualified or untrained can be catastrophic for both the prevention program to the workplace.
The quantitative results should be possible to obtain more information on each case. The numerical values must be accompanied by a reference value ("cut-off") used to define test positivity, and can vary from substance to substance and from lab to lab.
The different grades of a result can be:
- negative: when the values found are below the reference value, the value could be zero (0) or some positive value, but always less than the reference value
- positive: when the value found in the test matches or exceeds the reference value, meaning that there was substance use at least one period of coverage varies for each substance
- Suspect: when the value found is not sufficient to consider positive but not zero (0) and / or is accompanied by data on the history of the case that we suspect
- reactivity: when the result is suspicious or positive, but there is a medically proven drug interaction that explains the positive
- invalid: when an error in the procedures of taking samples or application of the reagents
Cara case must be considered individually in order to define any clinical diagnosis based on these results. The tests do not measure severity of addiction, nor are they designed to measure or diagnose addiction, but the presence of substance in the urine. A very common mistake is to assume that a positive result is enough to automatically assume that the person is addicted. An addict can go negative, but using substances during the time of pre-test coverage, as a non-addict who used the day before the test can provide an extremely high value.
If it is possible to infer the amount used and approximate time of use, but this requires clinical skills and access to other data of personal history.
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